View all. About a young Chinese-American author's journey into the darkest reaches of humanity as she researched and wrote her best selling book "The Rape of Nanking". What are the causes of the Nanking Massacre? See all results for this question. Why did the Japanese attack China? In , Japanese troops entered the Chinese city of Nanking and began raping and murdering its citizens in an orgy of violence that has few parallels in modern history.
This polished film follows the struggle of one young woman to bring one of the darkest chapters of history to light. Black Sun: The Nanking Massacre. The movie depicts the events behind the Nanking Massacre committed by the Imperial Japanese army against Chinese citizens and refugees during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Yahoo Web Search Yahoo Settings. Sign In. Search query. Troops, students and 3, attendees then stood at rigid attention to observe a minute of silence. Survivors, just 61 of whom are still living, were among those observing the date. The website of the official Xinhua News Agency appeared in black and white to mark the occasion, while popular online shopping and social media sites such as Taobao and WeChat displayed black backgrounds.
China frequently criticizes Japan for not showing sufficient contrition for the brutality of its expansionist campaign that swept across Asia during the first half of the 20th century.
Despite the hot interpretation techniques used to stimulate the emotional impact of visitor experiences, this particular traumatic past has been utilised in nation building practices that legitimise specific histories and form a national image on an international stage. This requires all stakeholders to work together to develop interpretation strategies that acknowledge and prioritise the needs of post-conflict societies.
Without this form of open dialogue and reflection, the official claims of heritage interpretation achieving reconciliation between conflicted peoples remain superficial. The results shed light on the cultural processes surrounding state interpretation of traumatic pasts for specific political uses. The study suggests ways in which heritage sectors and authorities can achieve social goals, such as public education, reconciliation and peacebuilding, through such processes of heritage interpretation.
Abstract In the aftermath of the Nanjing Massacre, one way in which Wang Jingwei's Reorganized National Government sought to impose social order was to implement a corporatist labour strategy. Inspired by European fascist theory and building on the pre-war Nationalist-Government labour legislation, corporatism sought to prevent union autonomy, stifle class-based sentiment, and undermine the pursuit of class interests whether on the part of capitalists or of workers.
It aimed to ensure government control and loyalty to the state, and promote production. An analysis of approximately 50 records of labour—capital disputes mediated by the Shehui yundong zhidao weiyuanhui Social Movement Guidance Committee during the early s suggests that the Wang regime carved out a sphere autonomous from Japanese oversight and exerted state control over commercial associations and artisans employed in the handicraft sector.
Even so, worker actions show that workers did not trust corporatism to provide social unity. The state provided workers with a modicum of agency while pressuring commercial associations to accept worker demands.
In response to inflation and to preserve their breadwinner status, male artisans actively participated in the arbitration process. It was a tacit form of consent as a means of survival.
Abstract Japan was supposed to obey the law during the second world war. However, the Nanjing Massacre still happened. Hirohito, the Japanese emperor, deliberately avoided mentioning the International Treaties in the imperial rescript of the Great East Asia War in
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