The main characters of this non fiction, autobiography story are Michelle Obama, Barack Obama. Please note that the tricks or techniques listed in this pdf are either fictional or claimed to work by its creator. We do not guarantee that these techniques will work for you. Some of the techniques listed in Becoming may require a sound knowledge of Hypnosis, users are advised to either leave those sections or must have a basic understanding of the subject before practicing them.
DMCA and Copyright : The book is not hosted on our servers, to remove the file please contact the source url. The words, however, came from another Chicago pastor—his own—the Rev. Jer- emiah Wright. On the evening of his speech, and with trademark self-confidence, he predict- ed to a Chicago journalist that he would deliver a slam-dunk.
I can play on this level. I got game. That November, Obama won an easy victory, with 70 percent of the vote. The voters of Il- linois had again elected an African American to the Senate, and that alone would have made him a figure of major national importance. Supreme Court. In The Audacity of Hope Obama elaborated on the themes of hope and national unity that were central to his convention keynote address. Sales from the book and from a reissued Dreams from My Fa- ther enabled him to join the ranks of most of his Senate col- leagues, who were millionaires.
Because he was now involved in a national campaign, many of the issues about his name, identity, and blackness that Obama had dealt with in Chicago and Illinois politics were raised again in a national context. The African American jour- nalist and critic Debra J. Dickerson argued in Salon. There have historically been differences and tensions, too, between lighter- and darker-skinned blacks; between West Indian immigrants also the descendants of slaves and American blacks; and between northern and southern people of color.
George Schuyler, an iconoclastic black journalist raised in Syracuse, New York, often remarked with pride that his family had never lived in the South and had never been slaves, but, as both he and Obama would both learn, such dis- tinction mattered little to whites.
Or, as Obama once put it, New York cab drivers who ignore his efforts to hail a taxi some- how fail to recognize his white Kansan side. Black political gains in the s, s, and s were largely achieved by a gener- ation of politicians who came of age in the southern civil rights movement, or in urban Democratic politics. House from Ala- bama.
Congressman Harold Ford Jr. Sen- ate race in Tennessee the same year. All are generally progressive pragmatists and are less partisan than earlier generations of black politicians, although Ford, chairman of the Democratic Leadership Council, and Artur Davis have been more willing to adopt socially as well as economically conservative positions in order to broaden their appeal as possible statewide candidates in the South.
His February announcement, outside the State Capitol building in Springfield, brought to mind the last Illinois na- tive to win the presidency, Abraham Lincoln. But it was also a reminder that Obama had been a middle-ranking state leg- islator in Springfield a mere three years earlier.
And that no successful presidential candidate since Lincoln had less ex- ecutive or legislative experience. In the U. Senate, Obama was ranked ninety-eighth out of a hundred in seniority. His legislative achievements were slim. As at Harvard Law School and in the Illinois legislature, he forged close relationships with Republicans, working with the conservative senator Tom Coburn of Oklahoma to improve transparency in government operations.
Seasoned Capitol Hill observers speculated, however, that Obama was not a Senate natural. Obama worked tirelessly at town hall meetings back home with his Illinois constituents and at fund-raising events for fellow Democrats grateful for his star power. But he resented the amount of time spent away from his wife and growing chil- dren, who remained in Chicago.
Obama recognized that some might view his candidacy as precocious, but declared in his Springfield announcement that he was driven by what Martin Luther King Jr. In ad- dition to their equally keen ambition, all of them had consider- ably more experience than Obama. All were, like Obama, centrist Democrats on domestic affairs, although Edwards had developed a more aggressive populist stump speech and persona than had been evident in his one term in the Senate.
This gave him a slight financial edge over the expected Democratic favorite, Hillary Clinton of New York. A tight, disciplined grassroots campaign organization propelled Obama to victory in the first race of the presidential season, the Iowa caucuses. Clinton, who placed third in Iowa with 29 percent, close behind John Edwards at 30, rallied to win the following New Hampshire primary by three points, largely on the basis of strong support from women voters and older, working-class white Democrats.
Because New Hampshire was also a largely white state, the next primary, in South Carolina where half of the Democratic voters were African American, would provide the first real test of black voting opinion. He also won a respectable minority among whites, again performing particularly well among younger voters and those with college degrees. The patterns set in Iowa, New Hampshire, and South Caro- lina largely shaped the contests that followed.
Both Obama and Clinton raised unprecedented sums of money—forcing even the wealthy trial lawyer John Edwards to drop out after his disappointing third-place finish in South Carolina, the state where he was born. The Clinton team did not have a clear grasp of how caucuses worked and had dithered about whether to even compete in Iowa—as Bill Clinton had not in Her strategists had expected to blow away the competition by Super Tuesday and had not formu- lated a long-term strategy. Obama also won primaries in the former confederate states of Virginia, Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, where blacks formed between a third and a half of the Democratic electorate.
Clinton performed best in north- eastern primary states and in California and Texas, where her stronger name recognition and superior Hispanic support assured victory. In nearly all states, but especially in the East, Clinton enjoyed a clear edge among two of the most important voting blocs in the Democratic primary: white women and vot- ers over sixty-five years of age. The two shared the spoils of the twenty-two state races on Super Tuesday in early February, but eleven straight primary and caucus victories later that month propelled Obama to a comfortable delegate lead over Clinton.
Jeremiah Wright. See Appendix. Americans, he concluded could continue to view race as a spectacle, as in the O. Simpson trial, or as a tragedy, as in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. The Wright controversy did not end there, however. He also stated his belief that the U. Shortly afterward, Obama condemned these com- ments unequivocally and ended his twenty-year relationship with Wright and Trinity Church. The loss provoked much media speculation about his problems as an elitist with an intractable problem with white working- class voters.
That argument, eagerly pursued by the Clinton campaign, gained some traction with her landslide victories in West Virginia and Kentucky. But it was undermined by sub- sequent Obama victories in North Carolina by 15 percent, with relatively strong white, as well as overwhelming black support , a late-night, narrow loss in Indiana At the formal end of the caucus and primary season on June 3, , Obama became the first African American to secure the nomination of a major national party.
Four days after Obama was hailed the presumptive nominee of his party, Senator Clinton conceded defeat and endorsed his candidacy. Despite fears that the long, divisive primary season—and the frustrated ambitions of the Clintons and their support- ers—might continue into the Democratic National Conven- tion in Denver, Colorado, in August, the Convention proved to be remarkably harmonious.
Biden Jr. Most print and television pundits graded the speech a suc- cess, and the morning after, a Gallup daily tracking poll gave Obama a clear eight-point cushion over his Republican rival, Senator John McCain of Arizona.
Bush but had never warmed to McCain, even though he was also anti-choice. Gradually, however, most of the Clinton-supporting women who briefly considered the selection of Palin as a reason to vote for McCain backed off once her right-of-the mainstream positions became known.
First, he ran a campaign unmatched by any Democrat in recent mem- ory, both in terms of its disciplined message and the unity of its staff. Obama, surrounded by former Treasury and Federal Reserve officials, appeared calm and steady, while the purportedly more experienced Republi- can candidate appeared erratic, impulsive, and not well versed in economic matters.
At the Republican convention former New York City mayor Ru- dolph Giuliani and Sarah Palin had both sneered at the notion of a former community organizer thinking he was qualified to be president, but the joke was on them.
In addition, the campaign planned a va- riety of avenues to rack up enough electoral college votes that an Obama victory would not depend on a win in Ohio or Flor- ida as in and Again, the hard work of competing in the primaries paid dividends. Obama pushed hard in the last days of the campaign, urging his supporters not to let up for a single second—and Democrats, paranoid and burned by the two previous lost elections, heeded his call and worked hard to get out the vote.
Obama, a quintessentially American candidate, was, after all, born and raised in the farthest West, and educated in California and the Northeast.
He made his home in a Midwestern city home to hundreds of thousands of black southern migrants; the south- ern civil rights movement shaped his core political values and philosophy; and his large margins in southern states propelled him to victory in the primaries.
An analysis of his general election win likewise suggests that Obama built one of the most broad-based, diverse, and national coalitions of voters since World War II. His tally of 67 million votes was not only greater than any previous American candidate, but it was the largest total won in any democratic election for a head of state in the world.
He was the first Democrat since Jimmy Carter in to win a majority of the vote; Bill Clinton won only a plurality of the vote in and , as did Al Gore in , although George W. Clinton in was running against two opponents, George H. Bush and H. Ross Perot. In terms of geography and demography, Obama also defied the conventional wisdom. And he did so with a vice-presiden- tial running mate from Delaware—the first time the Demo- crats had won an election without a southerner on the ticket since World War II.
According to a national exit poll of 16, voters, Obama won a higher percentage of the male vote than any Demo- crat since , although he remained just shy of a majority. Among African Ameri- cans he won an unprecedented 95 percent of the vote. The youth vote 18—29 year olds increased by more than 2. He also won a majority among whites under McCain only won a majority among people over 65, rural and small-town voters, evangelical protestants, and all whites.
Each of these groups represented a declining share of the national population, particularly whites who in constituted less than three-quarters of the electorate for the first time. By contrast, 90 percent of the electorate was white in , the year before the landmark Immigration Act which, as noted above, led to a dramatic increase in immigration from Latin America, Asia, and Africa, notably in the states won by Obama in Yet, for all that slicing and dicing of the electorate, as Obama might put it, the most important factor shaping his election victor was the economy.
Three-fifths of all voters named the economic crisis as the most pressing issue facing the nation; 60 percent of those voters backed Obama. House and Senate.
How Obama uses that mandate will determine whether he joins Roosevelt and Reagan as transformative presidents. Barack Obama has the advantage of taking office after eight years in which the United States largely ignored the views of its allies, as well as of its enemies, particularly on Iraq, but also on matters of trade, global warming, and the creation of an International Criminal Court.
After the Bush years, the bar for success is set exceedingly low, but the expectations of foreign countries may also be too high. That figure rose to 8 to 1 in several African countries, including Kenya. Perhaps the most significant result came, however, from Palestine, where only 16 percent of respondents thought the election of either candidate would make a difference to their country.
Seventy-two percent of Palestinians stated that the election of either candidate would make no difference to their country and to their daily lives. We might measure the success of an Obama presidency, then, on whether a politician with a talent for building consensus can increase the optimism of Palestinians, as well as of Israelis, toward American foreign policy.
And, indeed, on whether an Obama presidency succeeds in giving citizens in the Middle East, Iraq, Afghanistan, Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other nations beset by war and genocide, poverty, and disease, the audacity to hope.
Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, — New York: Simon and Schuster, Carson, Clayborne. Cambridge, Mass. Chappell, David L. Crowley, Michael. Davis, Frank Marshall. Edited by John Edgar Tidwell. Madison: Uni- versity of Wisconsin Press, De Zutter, Hank. Drake, St. Clair, and Horace R. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Fowler, Mayhill. Gates, Henry Louis, Jr.
Hertzberg, Hendrik. Horne, Gerald. The White Pacific: U. Jones, Tim. Civil Rights and the Idea of Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press, Kantor, Jodi. Lemann, Nicholas. New York: Vintage, Lizza, Ryan.
Mendell, David. Obama: From Promise to Power. Mullen, Bill V. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, Niven, Steven. New York: Oxford University Press. New York: Crown, Obama, Barack. New York: Times Books, Olopade, Dayo. Ralph, James R. Samuels, David. New Republic, October 22, Tayler, Letta, and Keith Herbert. Indeed, U. In March , however, as the long primary con- test against former First Lady Hillary Clinton dragged on, race suddenly leapt to the forefront of the national politi- cal dialogue.
When video footage surfaced in which Wright, among other pronouncements, appeared to suggest that the United States had brought upon itself the ter- rorist attacks of 11 September , a media firestorm erupted. It bears mentioning that much of the controversy over Wright and his sermons was driven by a mainstream media establishment that tended sometimes to overemphasize the contentious remarks of African American religious figures while ignoring if not tacitly excusing similar statements from conservative white evangelicals.
The clips, which appeared first on ABC News but spread quickly to the other network and cable news outlets and to online video sources such as YouTube, were composed of short, spliced segments that were played, and replayed, without the benefit of context or elaboration.
Ambassador Edward Peck. The speech was widely viewed. Polls taken after the address revealed that a surprisingly large majority of Americans had either seen the speech or were aware of it despite the fact that Obama de- livered his address early in the morning on a workday.
One, Douglas Kmiec, a former U. Bush, was moved to endorse Obama for president. Wright appeared only infrequently—and only in spirit—during the remainder of the presidential cycle. Though issues surrounding race relations in the United States will remain salient for the foreseeable future, for at least one moment, Obama managed perhaps unwillingly to reintroduce a great many Americans to the idea that those issues are a part of our national life.
It is where our union grows stron- ger. And as so many generations have come to realize over the course of the years since a band of patriots signed that document in Philadelphia, that is where the perfection begins. The document they produced was eventually signed but ul- timately unfinished. Of course, the answer to the slavery question was already embedded within our Constitution—a Constitution that had at is very core the ideal of equal citizenship under the law; a Constitution that promised its people liberty, and justice, and a union that could be and should be perfected over time.
And yet words on a parchment would not be enough to de- liver slaves from bondage, or provide men and women of every color and creed their full rights and obligations as citizens of the United States. What would be needed were Americans in successive generations who were willing to do their part— through protests and struggle, on the streets and in the courts, through a civil war and civil disobedience and always at great risk—to narrow that gap between the promise of our ideals and the reality of their time.
This was one of the tasks we set forth at the beginning of this campaign—to continue the long march of those who came before us, a march for a more just, more equal, more free, more caring and more prosperous America.
I chose to run for the presidency at this moment in history because I believe deeply that we cannot solve the challenges of our time unless we solve them together—unless we perfect our union by un- derstanding that we may have different stories, but we hold common hopes; that we may not look the same and we may not have come from the same place, but we all want to move in the same direction—towards a better future for of children and our grandchildren.
This belief comes from my unyielding faith in the decency and generosity of the American people. But it also comes from my own American story. I am the son of a black man from Kenya and a white woman from Kansas. I am mar- ried to a black American who carries within her the blood of slaves and slaveowners—an inheritance we pass on to our two precious daughters.
I have brothers, sisters, nieces, nephews, uncles and cousins, of every race and every hue, scattered across three continents, and for as long as I live, I will never forget that in no other country on Earth is my story even possible. But it is a story that has seared into my genetic makeup the idea that this nation is more than the sum of its parts—that out of many, we are truly one.
Throughout the first year of this campaign, against all pre- dictions to the contrary, we saw how hungry the American people were for this message of unity. He defeated multimillionaire businessman Blair Hull and Illinois Comptroller Daniel Hynes with 52 percent of the vote. That summer, he was invited to deliver the keynote speech in support of John Kerry at the Democratic National Convention in Boston.
Obama emphasized the importance of unity and made veiled jabs at the Bush administration and the diversionary use of wedge issues. After the convention, Obama returned to his U. Senate bid in Illinois. His opponent in the general election was supposed to be Republican primary winner Jack Ryan, a wealthy former investment banker. However, Ryan withdrew from the race in June following public disclosure of unsubstantiated sexual deviancy allegations by his ex-wife, actress Jeri Ryan. In August , diplomat and former presidential candidate Alan Keyes accepted the Republican nomination to replace Ryan.
In three televised debates, Obama and Keyes expressed opposing views on stem cell research, abortion, gun control, school vouchers and tax cuts.
In the November general election, Obama received 70 percent of the vote to Keyes' 27 percent, the largest electoral victory in Illinois history.
With his win, Obama became only the third African American elected to the U. Senate since Reconstruction. Sworn into office on January 3, , Obama partnered with Republican Senator Richard Lugar of Indiana on a bill that expanded efforts to destroy weapons of mass destruction in Eastern Europe and Russia. Then, with Republican Senator Tom Coburn of Oklahoma, he created a website to track all federal spending.
Obama also spoke out for victims of Hurricane Katrina, pushed for alternative energy development and championed improved veterans' benefits. The work discussed Obama's visions for the future of America, many of which became talking points for his eventual presidential campaign.
Shortly after its release, the book hit No. In February , Obama made headlines when he announced his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination. He was locked in a tight battle with former first lady and then-U. On June 3, , Obama became the Democratic Party's presumptive nominee after winning a sufficient number of pledged delegates during the primaries, and Clinton delivered her full support to Obama for the duration of his campaign.
His running mate, Delaware Senator Joe Biden , became vice president. Obama's inauguration took place on January 20, When Obama took office, he inherited a global economic recession, two ongoing foreign wars and the lowest-ever international favorability rating for the United States.
He had campaigned on an ambitious agenda of financial reform, alternative energy and reinventing education and health care — all while bringing down the national debt. Because these issues were intertwined with the economic well-being of the nation, he believed all would have to be undertaken simultaneously. During his inauguration speech, Obama summarized the situation by saying, "Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real.
They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America: They will be met. Between Inauguration Day and April 29, , the Obama administration took action on many fronts. In his first days in office, Obama coaxed Congress to expand health care insurance for children and provide legal protection for women seeking equal pay.
Housing and credit markets were put on life support, with a market-based plan to buy U. Loans were made to the auto industry, and new regulations were proposed for Wall Street. Obama cut taxes for working families, small businesses and first-time home buyers. Obama undertook a complete overhaul of America's foreign policy. He lobbied allies to support a global economic stimulus package.
He committed an additional 21, troops to Afghanistan and set an August date for withdrawal of nearly all U. In more dramatic incidents, Obama ordered an attack on pirates off the coast of Somalia and prepared the nation for a swine flu outbreak.
He signed an executive order banning excessive interrogation techniques and ordered the closing of the military detention facility at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba within a year a deadline that ultimately would not be met. As he did in , during his campaign for a second presidential term, Obama focused on grassroots initiatives. Celebrities such as Anna Wintour and Sarah Jessica Parker aided the president's campaign by hosting fundraising events.
And we'll remind the world just why it is that the United States of America is the greatest nation on Earth. Representative Paul Ryan. On November 6, , Obama won a second four-year term as president by receiving nearly five million more votes than Romney and capturing more than 60 percent of the Electoral College. Obama officially began his second term on January 21, , when U.
Chief Justice John Roberts administered the oath of office. In his inaugural address, Obama called the nation to action on such issues as climate change, health care and marriage equality to a crowd gathered in front of the U. Capitol building. In November , Obama had to cope with new challenges on the home front.
Republicans made an impressive showing on Election Day and gained a majority in the Senate, meaning that Obama would have to contend with Republicans controlling both houses of Congress for the final two years of his term. On May 2, , an elite team of U. There were no American casualties, and the team was able to collect invaluable intelligence about the workings of al-Qaeda.
Obama found himself grappling with an international crisis in late August and September when it was discovered that Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad had used chemical weapons against civilians. While saying that thousands of people, including over children, had been killed in the chemical attacks, Obama called Syria's actions "a serious national security threat to the United States and to the region, and as a consequence, Assad and Syria needs to be held accountable.
The president worked to persuade Congress and the international community at large to take action against Syria but found a majority on Capitol Hill opposed to military involvement.
Obama then announced an alternative solution on September 10, , by stating that if al-Assad agreed with the stipulations outlined in a proposal made by Russia to give up its chemical weapons, then a direct strike against the nation could be avoided. Al-Assad acknowledged the possession of chemical weapons and ultimately accepted the Russian proposal. In September , Obama made diplomatic strides with Iran. He spoke with Iranian President Hassan Rouhani on the phone, which marked the first direct contact between the leaders of the two countries in more than 30 years.
This groundbreaking move by Obama was seen by many as a sign of thawing in the relationship between the United States and Iran. In July , Obama announced that, after lengthy negotiations, the United States and five world powers had reached an agreement with Iran over its nuclear program. The deal would allow inspectors entry into Iran to make sure the country kept its pledge to limit its nuclear program and enrich uranium at a much lower level than would be needed for a nuclear weapon.
In return, the U. In , President Donald Trump, Obama's successor who was elected in November , withdrew from the Iran nuclear deal put in place by Obama. He argued, with some evidence, that the country was exploiting the terms of the deal to build up its military and militias in the region, and that it would emerge with greater resources to make a nuclear weapon once the deal expired.
Iran responded by gradually increasing its uranium enrichment. In mid, the International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed that Iran had surpassed the uranium enrichment levels agreed on in , bringing the nation closer to the development of an atomic bomb.
European countries might in turn restore their own sanctions. Experts say the moves could push the U. Echoes of the Cold War also returned after civil unrest and protests in the capital city of Kiev led to the downfall of Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych's administration in February Russian troops crossed into Ukraine to support pro-Russian forces and the annexation of the province of Crimea.
In response, Obama ordered sanctions targeting individuals and businesses considered by the U. The president said the sanctions were taken in close coordination with European allies and gave the U. The following month, the U. Several Arab countries joined the airstrikes against the extremist Islamic militant group. Obama flexed his presidential power in December by moving to re-establish diplomatic relations with Cuba for the first time in more than 50 years.
He and Cuban president Raul Castro announced the normalizing of diplomatic relations for the first time since The policy change came after the exchange of American citizen Alan Gross and another unnamed American intelligence agent for three Cuban spies. In a speech at the White House, Obama explained that the dramatic shift in Cuban policy would "create more opportunities for the American and Cuban people and begin a new chapter among the nations of the Americas.
In renewing diplomatic ties with Cuba, Obama announced plans "to increase travel, commerce and the flow of information to and from Cuba. On March 20, , Obama became the first sitting American president to visit Cuba since as part of his larger program to establish greater cooperation between the two countries.
Obama made the three-day visit with Michelle and their daughters Malia and Sasha. At the top of the agenda during the milestone meeting between the two leaders were human rights, the U.
Following their first conversation at the Palace of the Revolution, Castro and Obama held a joint press conference broadcast on state television during which they fielded questions from the press. While they acknowledged its complexities, both also professed a shared optimism about the road ahead.
Travel to Cuba from the United States began to surge, with the U. In June , President Trump banned ship and commercial airline travel into Cuba. The restrictions effectively banned all tourist travel to Cuba by prohibiting people-to-people educational travel. The Trump administration said the move was in an effort to pressure the Cuban government to stop supporting Venezuelan president Nicolas Maduro.
Experts said it could cripple the economy and might therefore be an attempt to overthrow the regime of President Miguel Diaz-Canel, the hand-picked successor of Fidel Castro who took office in According to several news reports, Obama and Modi had reached a "breakthrough understanding" regarding India's nuclear power efforts. Obama told the Indian people in a speech given in New Delhi that "we can finally move toward fully implementing our civil nuclear agreement, which will mean more reliable electricity for Indians and cleaner, non-carbon energy that helps fight climate change.
Osan was the final destination on his first tour of Asia as President. In spite of opposition from Congressional Republicans and the populist Tea Party movement, Obama signed his health care reform plan, known as the Affordable Care Act, into law in March The new law prohibited the denial of coverage based on pre-existing conditions, allowed citizens under 26 years old to be insured under parental plans, provided for free health screenings for certain citizens and expanded insurance coverage and access to medical care to millions of Americans.
Obama gained a legal victory in June when the U. In October , a dispute over the federal budget and Republican desires to defund or derail the Affordable Care Act caused a day shutdown of the federal government. After a deal had been reached to end the shutdown, Obama used his weekly address to express his frustration over the situation and his desire for political reform: "The way business is done in Washington has to change. Now that these clouds of crisis and uncertainty have lifted, we need to focus on what the majority of Americans sent us here to do—grow the economy, create good jobs, strengthen the middle class, lay the foundation for broad-based prosperity, and get our fiscal house in order for the long haul.
Extra technical support was brought in to work on the troubled website, which was plagued with glitches for weeks. The health care law was also blamed for some Americans losing their existing insurance policies, despite repeated assurances from Obama that such cancellations would not occur. According to the Chicago Tribune , Obama insisted that the insurance companies—and not his legislation—caused the coverage change. Under mounting pressure, Obama found himself apologizing regarding some health care changes.
In an interview with NBC News, he said of those who lost their insurance plans, "I am sorry that they are finding themselves in this situation based on assurances they got from me.
In , Speaker of the House John Boehner launched an effort to sue Obama for overstepping his executive powers with some of his actions regarding the Affordable Care Act. In the summer of , the U.
0コメント